The Influence Of Writers On Charles Darwin Essays - Charles Darwin

The Influence Of Writers On Charles Darwin The hypothesis of Evolution as introduced by Charles Darwin has had a extraordinary effect on the present reality. It has caused numerous discussions between strict specialists and those from established researchers. This hypothesis had incited people to consider themselves, their starting points and it has changed the manner by which they see themselves in the earth. Be that as it may, Darwin was not the main individual to compose on development. There were numerous others before him, for example, Lamarck, Buffon, and Darwin's granddad Erasmus Darwin. Be that as it may, what recognizes Charles Darwin from the others is the way that he gathered and gave generous evidences and he related different parts of science, for example, topography, plant science and science which approved his speculations. His hypothesis of characteristic determination as expressed by Nelson and Jurmain (1991, p.606) in the advanced structure is that the developmental factor causes changes in allele frequencies in populaces due to differential net regenerative accomplishment of people. His grip of the developmental procedure and the lucidity of his work makes Charles Darwin the most well known figure in the logical field of Evolution (Francoeur, 1965, p.34). Charles Darwin (1809-1882) was the fourth offspring of Dr. Robert Darwin and grandson of Erasmus Darwin. A lot of Charles' adolescence was spent gathering bugs, coins and perusing different writing on characteristic history, travel and verse. Charles Darwin was not an insightful understudy during his years at Edinburgh Medical College. He disdained what was educated what's more, discovered a large portion of the talks exhausting, yet he built up a characteristic intrigue in contemplating rocks and fossils. He persuaded his dad that he proved unable be a specialist as his dad had wished, so all things being equal Charles Darwin contemplated Religious philosophy at the University of Cambridge. After his investigations he was given the chance to go on the H.M.S. Beagle as a naturalist. Darwin accepted this open door and it is this journey moved him to start his take a shot at development. During his examination, Darwin read a few references which incredibly affected his own compositions. In spite of the fact that there were numerous components which influenced Darwin's hypotheses this paper will examine how Darwin was affected by the convictions of William Paley, Erasmus Darwin, Thomas Malthus what's more, Charles Lyell. Erasmus Darwin (1731-1802) was a well eminent specialist, writer and thinker who composed numerous books concerning nature. Among his works Zoonomia, a clinical course book, has gotten the most consideration. In this work Erasmus Darwin communicated such thoughts as advancement by characteristic and sexual choice, defensive adjustment, legacy of gained qualities, what's more, even the advancement of humanity just about fifty years before Charles Darwin (Nelson Erasmus Darwin had said that all distinctive living things were created more than a large number of years by one unique antiquated parent, with the end goal that every posterity had a characteristic inclination to develop itself (Karp, 1968, p.14). Be that as it may, fossil records show that this hypothesis of one unique parent was not plausible (Karp, 1968, p.14). His resistance toward any type of sorted out religion and his dismissal of Christianity was viewed as shallow and unpredictable (Chancellor, 1973, p.21). His propensity to guess and make wild hypotheses without testing his speculations made his notoriety for being a researcher endure. Before the finish of the eighteenth century all conversations of development were stifled as a result of the unbending creationist sees held by the Church who aggrieved any individual who tested their convictions (Chancellor, 1973, p.41). It was not until the distribution of Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species that the conversation of advancement was resuscitated. Being admirably eminent, Erasmus' work was talked about in his family circle in this way presenting Charles to crafted by his granddad right off the bat in his life. Additionally, Charles Darwin having enthusiasm for verse and reasoning was normally disposed to examine crafted by his granddad. In spite of the fact that Erasmus didn't take care of the issue of the procedure of advancement, the perusing also, introduction of his work made it simpler for Charles Darwin to approach the theme and see it in an alternate point of view from Erasmus (Karp, 1968, p.17). In his initial days at Cambridge University, Darwin was vigorously keen on crafted by William Paley (1743-1805) a popular theologist in his time. Paley's works which incorporate Evidences of Christianity and Standards of Moral and Political Philosophy were required perusing at the college. In any case, Darwin was generally intrigued by Natural Theology at the time. In this paper Paley analyzed the instrument of the earth, its animals, the multifaceted nature of their adjustments, their powerful utilization of common assets and their effective barrier against nature. Paley too contended the certainty of a Creator: Plan must have an architect. That architect must

Honda Essay Example

Honda Essay Example Honda Essay Honda Essay Message from the President and CEO Striving to be an organization society needs to exist by proceeding to make innovations and items with new worth please clients, we will attempt to give far better items by increasing our quality confirmation exercises. Carrying all Hands assets to endure in a worldwide exertion to reinforce our business structure Striving to be a pioneer in condition and wellbeing Were at last starting to see inconspicuous indications of a recuperation in the worldwide monetary lull that started with the money related emergency in the United States in 2008. Albeit a respite recuperation in our organizations in Japan, Europe, and the United States will take additional time, Honda conveyed items to in excess of 24 million clients worldwide through its cruiser, vehicle, and force item organizations in PAYOFF. Im certain that these outcomes are the result of a purposeful exertion with respect to our partners, providers, vendors, and different accomplices to flexibly items and administrations that will satisfy clients while regarding neighborhood culture and customs as per our strategy of assembling near the client, a way of thinking Honda has grasped decent its establishing. No place is this achievement more obvious than in China, where we sold a record 580,000 vehicles during 2009, and in Thailand, where we are producing the PC bike, a vital worldwide model, and growing our business from Asia to the world. In any case, the business condition in which we work keeps on being a difficult one, and I perceive that it is fundamental for Honda Group organizations worldwide to meet up to fortify our business structure through the focused on utilization of constrained administration assets to key fragments of our activities. We likewise face difficulties in satisfying our obligations as a maker of portability arrangements. Reliable with our noteworthy duty to assembling excellent items that will CARS Report 2010 During 2010, we propelled the CRY-Z sport-type half and half, which consolidates ecological agreeableness with driving delight, just as the Nope generator, which runs on standard family unit butane gas canisters. Were wanting to including a half breed model of the Fit hatchback and the EVE-neo electric cruiser. We additionally plan to add to the goals of natural issues from the angle f sustainable power source use by advancing utilization of private age units and slim film sun powered boards, which utilize less vitality and create lower CA discharges during the assembling procedure than ordinary silicon-based sunlight based boards. Moreover, the Gawk Plant, which started activities in 2009, is endeavoring to actualize condition and human benevolent tasks, especially through activities to decrease vitality utilization. The office has been planned in view of people in the future, for instance by limiting age f squander items during the plants future destruction, utilizing recyclable structure materials, and utilizing development strategies that limit the structures natural effect. How would we make items earth agreeable? How would we make them valuable and advantageous? How would we make them enjoyable to utilize? Honda is focused on offering its full assets as a powerful influence for the push to understand a low-carbon society by creating advances for diminishing CA while imparting Joy and fervor to its numerous clients and different partners. Honda has driven different organizations in creating restrictive cosmologies for managing security issues, with regards to its Safety for Everyone reasoning. Honda endeavors to seek after wellbeing activities by exploiting the uniqueness of these advances. We have looked to satisfy the standards of this way of thinking by attempting to impart the opportunity and Joy of portability to all the individuals of the world through our bike, car, and force item organizations just as through undertakings, for example, ASIMOV, Handset, and new versatility advances, for example, Walking Assist. Making items and advancements that offer new esteem and surpass the desires for our clients and partners around the world, we are endeavoring to be an organization that society needs to exist. Honda partners are joining around the world, assuming the test of satisfying our duty to society. Endeavoring to understand a feasible society through a Group-wide exertion to give new esteem The Honda Philosophy, which remembers essential convictions for terms of regard for the individual and the Three Joys, structures the reason for every corporate movement and fills in as the standard for lead and dynamic by Takeout Tit President and CEO 6

Dream Big, Start Small 3 Budget Business Ideas You Can Start Today ?

Dream Big, Start Small 3 Budget Business Ideas You Can Start Today ? Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Dream Big, Start Small: 3 Budget Business Ideas You Can Start Today ?Updated On 03/12/2019Author : Ram kumarTopic : BusinessShort URL : https://hbb.me/2LfoCmO CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogMany people have entrepreneurial impulses, but they’re afraid to make the leap and start their own business because they’re worried about the financial commitment. The fact is, though, that it doesn’t have to cost a lot of money to start a small business. Particularly in the age of the internet, there are plenty of online businesses you can run with hardly any startup costs.  If you’re considering starting a business on a budget, these 3 options can help keep costs down. Keep your options open, keep your day job, and make a plan â€" it’s okay to fail, but you don’t want to live with the regret of not pursuing your dreams.A note before you dive in; starting a business d oesn’t have to be expensive, but you should be sure to spend the money necessary to protect yourself. One way to do this is by forming an LLC. LLCs are inexpensive to start and protect your existing assets if your business doesn’t end up being profitable. You’re on the brink of something exciting, but don’t be heedless in your pursuit of professional opportunities.Sell With DropshippingDropshipping is all the rage in the ecommerce world these days, but what is it exactly? Simply put, dropshipping is a way of avoiding production, storage, and inventory issues by serving as a middleman in the sales process. This can be done in a number of ways, but one of the most popular is by identifying low-cost suppliers, often overseas, and curating a selection on your own website. Most people choose a particular niche to cater to, attracting buyers with a quality selection of goods from a range of suppliers. Just calculate how much you need to charge above supplier cost to make a profit, pick an industry product specialty, and get started.READVoIP Is the Future of any BusinessCreate A CourseDo you have a unique skill? Did you spend years working in an industry and want to share your knowledge? If so, you may have the knowledge necessary to develop and sell an online course. Online classes come in all varieties, and many ultimately become a source of passive income; once you’ve created the content, people can buy the course and you don’t have to do any extra work. You can, however, offer supplementary services like coaching in that field for an extra fee.  Be An AssistantOne of the best things about owning your own business is that you get to set the terms â€" how much you charge, when you work, and what kind of work you’re open to doing. None of that demands a revolutionary idea for what you’ll do. In fact, you might choose to monetize your time by starting a virtual assistant business. Virtual assistants typically support other entrepreneurs, as well as pr ofessionals who do a lot of public engagement, travel a lot, or otherwise have a lot of commitments. You might make calls, file paperwork, draft or proofread documents, or any of a range of other tasks, but unlike a conventional executive assistant role, you decide which of those services are within your scope.These small business ideas are just the tip of the iceberg in terms of what you could potentially do from home. That’s what’s amazing about our current economic and professional environment â€" we’re all encouraged to make our own way.

The Typical Profile Of The Female Offender - 843 Words

1) What is the ‘typical profile’ of the female offender? The ‘typical profile’, of a female offender is that they are likely to have a history of trauma, suffer from a mental illness and have substance abuse and alcohol issues. Further, most are illiterate and have had long a history of unemployment. It is possible they have could have been/be involved in violent relationships. They are likely to be the primary care giver for their children but not have support of a partner to raise her children. It is possible that they have had trouble accessing adequate accommodation, especially if they have children. 2) Please explain the specific disparities experienced by females post release! Females experience several disparities post release including employment, housing, parole, access to health care and services along with the transition from prison to living independently in the community. The transition from prison to living in the community can be particularly bothersome for female offenders. Obtaining employment can be rather difficult as they have a criminal record and most jobs require the applicant to undergo a police check. Most offenders have low levels of education which can make it more difficult to obtaining a job. If they obtain employment it is usually poorly paid and this makes it incredibly difficult to pay rent, buy food and provide for their children. In particular, females who have spent time in prison experience great difficulty in accessing adequateShow MoreRelatedThe Profiling Of Sex Offenders2652 Words   |  11 PagesSex Offenders Brittany Pegram CJUS 340-D05 Criminology Professor Ryan Sharp â€Æ' Abstract In this paper I will discuss the typical profiling of sex offenders and how one cannot simply point them out in a crowd. I will discuss why sex offenders do not stand out from â€Å"normal† people. I will discuss a little bit of why these people do the things they do and what kind of cure there is for these crimes, if any. It is important to know why we cannot assume one is bad news, such as a sex offender and to findRead MoreTechnology s Progression And The Advancement Of Human Societies1486 Words   |  6 Pagesalso have many differences. Unlike traditional bullying, cyberbullying allows the offender to mask his or her identity behind a computer. This anonymity makes it easier for the offender to strike blows against a victim without having to see the victim’s physical response. The distancing effect that technological devices have on today’s youth often leads them to say and do crueler things compared to what is typical in a traditional face-to-face bullying situation. 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Within this essay we will cover the typical individual who commits hate crimes, who the targets or victims of hate crimes are, what the causes and effects of hate crimes are, and what actions can be taken to minimize the amount and occurrence of hate crimes. Unfortunately hate crimes have been a partRead MoreCriminal Paper2496 Words   |  10 Pagesbehavior in criminal and non-criminal psychopathy, discuss criminal profiling from other types of forensic evaluation, and analyze predatory behaviors based on the co-occurrence of crime scene behaviors. In closing I will develop a profile of a serial predator based on offender, victim, and crime scene characteristics. Psychopathy is currently understood as a cluster of behaviors and personality traits that are typically viewed in a negative light (Hare 1993). Psychopaths are described as callousRead MoreEssay on Theodore Bundy1163 Words   |  5 Pages acting as his own attorney much of the time, he was sentenced to death and executed on January 24th, 1989. In both mass and serial murder cases, victims die as the offender momentarily gains control of his or her life by controlling others. But the differences between these two types of offenders far outweigh the similarities. First, mass murderers are generally apprehended or killed by police, commit suicide, or turn themselves in to authorities. Serial killersRead MoreWomen As Victims And Offenders2569 Words   |  11 Pages ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Electronic or manual submission UNIT MINORITY GROUPS AS VICTIMS AND OFFENDERS CODE CRI11006 TITLE NAME OF STUDENT (Print clearly) SIMS LUCAS FAMILY NAME FIRST NAME STUDENT ID NO. 10372556 NAME OF LECTURER James McCue DUE DATE 10/09/2014 Topic of assignment Women as Victims and Offenders Group or tutorial (if applicable) THURSDAY 1:30PM Course Bachelor of Criminology and Justice CAMPUS JOONDAL-UP I certify

The Movie Mulan - 1471 Words

Mulan is a feature-length, animated film, released for distribution by Walt Disney Studios in 1998. Mulan was the ninth film released during the renaissance period of Disney film-making. Mulan was an adaptation of an age-old Chinese ballad detailing the life of a Chinese girl who chooses to assume the male gender in order to save her father from having to be conscripted into the Chinese Army. For the most part, Mulan was well received by the theatre going public, garnering over three hundred million dollars in box office receipts. The reception of the movie in China, home country of the ballad upon which Mulan was based, was exceedingly below expectations. According to Frank Langfitt, of The Baltimore Sun â€Å"But when Disney s version closed†¦show more content†¦Before a person can begin to analyze the movie, it is important for him or her to understand the process by which Disney turns a piece of local folklore into a movie. In their article, Cultural deformations and re formulations: a case study of Disney’s Mulan in English and Chinese, Mingwu Xu and Chuanmao Tian discuss the changes made to the ballad of Mulan in order for it to be more appealing to a local and global market. The four main elements that encompass a standard Disney adaptation of a story are; an element of individualism, a sense of good and evil, romance, and the addition of a sidekick. (p. 184) In order to be able to ensure these components fit with the storyline Xu and Tian point out, transculturation involves both organizational routines and experimentation through which the foreign culture is decontextualised, essentialised, recontextualised, domesticated and sometimes unversalised. †¦ The more contextualized they are, the more believable they will be; in Americanising a story, it has to be essentialised and stripped of its context, with its core elements identified. Then the story is reconfigured and recontextualised (p. 185). This helps a person to understand why it is necessary for changes to be made to the original story, but it does not allow for carte-blanche in making essential modifications to the primary version. Now that it is understood why changes are made, it is now time to determine if the changes wereShow MoreRelatedMovie Review Of Mulan 761 Words   |  4 PagesTyra Banks Mrs. Shields ENGL 101-38 17 September 2017 Film Review: Mulan An animated Disney movie called Mulan, was directed by Tony Bancroft and Barry Cook in 1998. The moral of the story is that women can be just the same as men can. I support the general meaning of the movie. I believe men that and women should be treated equally and that women should not be seen as weak or frail. Women are more than just wives or slaves and can-do jobs that have traditionally been set-aside for men. They canRead MoreMovie Analysis : Mulan s Mulan 1876 Words   |  8 Pagesenjoying these plot twisting, mesmerizing and incredible creations is the hidden and indirect messages. The film Mulan, which was produced in 1998, may seem like a movie that simply demonstrates a young Chinese women going to war for her father’s sake and coming home as a successful female hero, when in fact, it portrays much more. Underneath the storyline and general message of the movie, Mulan constructs the identities of young, Chinese, middle class women as always needing to be in a hete rosexual relationshipRead MoreMovie Analysis : Mulan 2008 Words   |  9 PagesApril 2017 Film Analysis-Mulan Little girls everywhere spend their childhoods watching the princesses portrayed in Disney movies, dreaming about the day they too will meet their prince charming. They see how Sleeping Beauty is woken up by a prince, Cinderella marries a prince, Sleeping Beauty turns a beast into a prince, and countless other instances of a girl just like them meeting their perfect man. Disney is infamous for their outdated illustration of gender roles. Mulan is one of the first DisneyRead MoreThe Movie Mulan 883 Words   |  4 PagesMulan is an animated film that was released in 1998 from Disney during third wave feminism, which features an Asian woman protagonist. She is a Disney princess, but at first glance you wouldn’t think so. Mulan is introduced as a clumsy tomboy who did not think she would ever bring honor to her family. In order to accomplish said honor, she would have to by being the perfect bride, in accordance with the matchmaker. The film has a great amount of feminist ideals , however, it doesn’t leave out stereotypicalRead MoreMulan, By Tony Bancroft And Barry Cook1153 Words   |  5 Pages Mulan is Disney animation about a story with a strong woman protagonist, who is Fa Mulan, directed by Tony Bancroft and Barry Cook in 1998. The film is based on Chinese legendary story of Hua Mulan. Overall of the film shows Chinese Confucian and traditional values with unique regulation, culture, and traditional system in their society. According to diegetic elements of Mulan which is defined as elements that consists of events, characters, objects, settings, and sounds in the story, the mainRead MoreMulan Sexism Analysis1393 Words   |  6 PagesMulan Is Sexist Disney movies feature female characters in a variety of roles, from a damsel in distress needing a man’s help to a woman who becomes her own hero. Mulan is one Disney character who has a seemingly feminist role. The movie features an unordinary girl who is meant to bring honor to her family by being the perfect woman for a man to marry. However, that’s not who she truly is. When her father gets summoned to serve in the military, Mulan poses as a man and takes his place. She trainsRead MoreGender Representation Of Female Gender Roles Affect Society Through Social Oppression Of The Minority Group1110 Words   |  5 Pages Despite what seems to be positive empowerment of females alike, Mulan in fact does not encourage the individual empowerment of women through separation of traditional gender stereotypes. In fact, Mulan emphasizes the roles between binary genders that ensure privilege of men over women. Additionally, the film shows how such stereotypical gender rol es affect society through social oppression of the minority group. Throughout the film, it is obvious that, although it is possible to have genderRead MoreMul The American Comedy And Action Film Produced By Walt Disney978 Words   |  4 PagesMulan is a 1998 American comedy and action film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios featuring animations based on the Chinese legend of Hula Mulan. During the invasion by the Huns, the emperor of China asks for one man from each family to join the Chinese army. In order to save Mulan disable father from getting drafted, she secretly goes in his place and becomes one of China’s greatest heros. All though having her identity revealed, Mulan is still manages to defeat the Huns and restore herRead MoreMulan1185 Words   |  5 PagesHayden Ikerd Mr. Wheeler AP Literature 12 April, 2013 Thomas Foster’s Themes Traced in Mulan In his book How to Read Literature Like a Professor, Thomas Foster explains many reoccurring themes in literature, and shows how to recognize them and in some instances shows certain works where they occur. By reading this guide to literature, one may gain a deeper understanding of the work itself and of the author’s intent in writing it. However, Foster’s methods can also be applied to films. A filmRead MoreDoes Mulan Overthrow Oppressive Gender Norms?1308 Words   |  6 PagesPhilosophy Final Paper Does Mulan overthrow oppressive gender norms? In 1990, a novel was written by philosopher Judith Butler titled Gender Trouble. The importance of this novel was evident as it was a very controversial yet interesting analysis of the way we humans look at the topic of gender and sex. She explains throughout the book that our gender norms have been created by our ancestors and society. To many, crossing this boundary set by society is very deviant. Eight years after Gender

Personal Statement My Dearest Claire - 1195 Words

My dearest Claire, How can I explain what you mean to me? How can I tell you what’s in my heart when words are so inadequate? Can you understand how I feel about you or will you just think I’m ridiculous? Do you even care? I think about you all the time. You are my first thought when I wake and the last thought before I sleep. I often think about how happy I feel when you are with me and what it would be like if you felt the same way about me. Sometimes I am so preoccupied with thoughts of you that I struggle to concentrate on anything else. I enjoy thinking about you Bunny; however, you are a vexing paradox to me. I feel so fortunate to have found someone so amazing, but I also feel like a hapless fool unable to win your affection.†¦show more content†¦How could I not adore your early morning cravings for water, your irrational fears of the littlest things, how you skip instead walk, or how ticklish you are? I even find your insistence to do the opposite of what I say sometimes charming. I find your quirks so attractive and I want to know more about you. For better or for worse, I am hooked on you. Perhaps more than anything else, your intelligence sets you apart. You have such wit and your thoughts are often creative and unconventional. Without a doubt, you are weird Claire. The uniqueness of your personality and intelligence alone make you weird. I love this about you, because we are both weird. Its great to be weird when you have someone else to be weird with. Your peculiar intelligence has so much latent potential lying undeveloped, I am eager to see it realized, but I sometimes wonder if it will when you’re surrounded by such ordinary creatures. You have the capability of effortlessly bringing so much joy to others. I’ve witnessed many occasions where you brighten others moods with your presence. I’ve watched as you selflessly and thoughtlessly commit yourself to lifting the spirits of others. I deeply admire this trait in you. In fact you consistently bring me happiness with your presence. Somehow when I’m with you, you are the only thing that matters to me, everything else seems to almost instantly fade away at your arrival. I have never experienced that with anyone

Elizabeth Cady Stanton Essay Example For Students

Elizabeth Cady Stanton Essay Elizabeth Cady Stanton was an important element of the Womens Rights Movement, but not many people know of her significance or contributions because she has been overshadowed by her long time associate and friend, Susan B. Anthony. However, I feel that she was a woman of great importance who was the driving force behind the 1848 Convention, played a leadership role in the womens rights movement for the next fifty years, and in the words of Henry Thomas, She was the architect and author of the movements most important strategies ad documents. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was born in 1815 into an affluent family in Johnstown, New York. Now, while Stanton was growing up, she tried to imitate her brothers academic achievements due to the fact that her parents, Daniel and Mary Livingston Cady, preferred their sons to their daughters. In trying to copy her male siblings, she got an extraordinary education: she went to Johnstown Academy and studied Greek and mathematics; she learned how to ride and manage a horse; she became a skilled debater; and she attended the Troy Female Seminary in New York (one of the first women s academies to offer an advanced education equal to that of male academies) where she studies logic, physiology, and natural rights philosophy. However, it wasnt her education, but watching her father, who was a judge and lawyer, handle his cases, that cause her to become involved in various movements because it was in court with her father that she saw firsthand how women suffered legal discrimination. It was here that she realized that the laws were unfair and resolved to do whatever she could to change them. She used her unique ability to draw from wide-ranging sources in legal areas as well as in political and literary areas. With her knowledge of literature, he created narratives that produced a variety of emotions ranging from delight to destruction.However, as this was going on, another important even took place. In 1840, Elizabeth married abolitionist organizer and journalist, Henry Stanton. Over the course of their marriage, Elizabeth and Henry had seven children in the next fifteen years, but even with the responsibility of taking care of her children, Stanton found time to do many other things to further the right s of others. For instance, the very same year that she married her husband, Stanton accompanied her spouse to London to attend the World Abolitionist Convention in June 1840 where she met Lucretia Mott, her close friend and intellectual mentor. Mott and Stanton became allies to fight the crusade for womens rights because the female delegates attending the convention were denied recognition. They were so humiliated and appalled at the way that they were treated that they were determined to call together a womens right convention when they went back home. Finally, eight years late on July 19, 1848, in Seneca Falls, New York, five women met to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of women. Stanton acted as the leader and thus, wrote the Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments, which included a womens bill of rights and listed demands for social equality. Nonetheless, it was when Stanton met Susan B. Anthony in 1851 that did a great deal for the advancement of wo mens rights. Anthony helped Stanton to develop her intellectual skepticism and activity, and Stanton considered her to be a mentor. Also, Anthonys organizing abilities complemented Stantons more philosophical focus, but the womens movement was still within the larger antislavery movement, and when slavery ended, so did the supports from the abolitionist. Stanton and Anthony were outraged at this betrayal and created the independent National Woman Suffrage Association in 1868, and Stanton served as its president for the next 21 years. This organization allowed Stanton to have a substantial impact on American customs, traditions, and laws relating to the rights of women. Her philosophy was that change could only result after a total self-dependence and self-reliance. She believed that women could actually achieve their actual potential once they were freed from the entrapment of mens social, moral, and legal traditions. And with this belief and as the president of the National Woman S uffrage Association, she went out and began

Antigone Creon is a Failed Statesman essays

Antigone Creon is a Failed Statesman essays Three dead bodies, angry Gods, and a bad omen foreseen by a prophet come true. Such are the effects of a foolish kings actions. In Sophocless Antigone, Creon fails as a statesman because of three primary faults: he makes governing decisions without taking advice from others, he abuses his absolute power as a king, and he has an extremely quick and volatile temper. The foremost of Creons faults is making his decisions without first consulting and receiving an opinion from other people. For example, Creon and Haemon argue whether Antigones actions are honorable: Since when do I take my orders from the people of Thebes? (Sc. 3.628-630). Creon is being very stubborn and refuses to even think about the thoughts of his people whom he governs. Creon uses his absolute power to ensure his opinion as the correct and only belief, and he does not even take into consideration the view of the Theban civilians. In addition, when Teiresias comes to give counsel, the prophet blames the king of Thebes for all the disatrous omens. Creon, in turn, accuses Teiresias of bribery and falsehood. The foolish king again shows his obstinacy by not listening to advice from anyone. This time it is much worse because he is brushing aside the words of Teiresias, a prophet who had yet to ever be proven wrong. Creon is not being fair and just to the people, and Teiresi as warns him to be reasonable. Even with this warning, the king still does not change his opinion and misuses his power. Not taking guidance from other people can be a statesmans most serious mistake, and for Creon this is the fault which starts the entire sequence of events leading up to the death of his family. Abusing ones power can also lead to a downfall as a leader, and for Creon it is another fault which leads to his spectacular failure as a statesman. For instance, Creon issues a decree that Polynices is to be left for the wild animals...

Sleep Deprivation Essay Example

Sleep Deprivation Essay Example Sleep Deprivation Essay Sleep Deprivation Essay Our 24-hour society that wants to meet the demands of industrialization and development has caused the generation of sleep deprived people. Comparing to 1910, when the average citizen slept 9.0 and 7.5 hours a night accordingly in 1975, the data of 2002 shows that these figures have shifted to 6.9 hours a night (2002 â€Å"Sleep in America† Poll, p.4); while night shift workers suffer more than others, because they average only five hours a night. Adults from 18 to 65 years old need six to nine hours; therefore, sleep deprivation exhausts and disorders shift workers, leads to fatigue and lack of energy. Drastic increase of sleep deprived workers affects the spheres and environment they are working in, relationships, economy, and social pattern of America, along with other countries. Each one of us has an internal clock that is set for sleep at night, the period between midnight and dawn is essential for the whole body. In order to function effectively, the frontal cortex of brain relies on rest. The lack of sleep cripples the frontal cortex and makes it ineffective in speech control, memory access and problem solving. Circadian rhythm is a 24-hour biological clock of human body and the adaptation to shift work may lead to chronic illnesses (cardiovascular or gastrointestinal diseases) and poor concentration. Both Paul Roman and Walter Gove agree that anxiety and sleep deprivation are interrelated and lead to psychotic disorganization that is close to mental illness. (Roman, 1972; Gove, 1970). One third of Americans have chronic deprivation that causes sleepiness during the daytime and disorder of everyday life. These adults are likely to have sleep deprivation and its symptoms affect their performance and social life. Insomnia, exhaustion, irritability, lack of physical energy, fatigue, nightmares, sleep-schedules’ disruption, memory deficit, poor social and occupational performance, impediment in mental ability, emotions and memory are some symptoms of sleeping disorder. In their studies, Shaw et al., stressed on â€Å"molecular connection between sleep, plasticity and memory formation [and demonstrated that] the intensity and/or complexity of prior social experience stably modifies sleep need and architecture† (1775). Sleep deprived people are found to use greater amount of sleeping pills than needed. These attempts to control levels of energy and anxiety and to alleviate distress are the reaction of personality from social perspective. According to 2002 â€Å"Sleep in America† Poll, inadequate sleep affects:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Impaired performance at workplace (93%);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Risk of injuries (91%);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Health problems (90%);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Interpersonal problems (85%);   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mid-afternoon sleepiness (48%). (p.14) Shift night workers – airline pilots, doctors, nurses, commercial and truck drivers, police officers, builders, customer services representatives – fall under this risk group of inadequate sleep. Keeping up with the global economy, two jobs to meet ends, better career and child care became the prerequisites for shift work; yet, social status is a core concern that runs all through these issues. The United States, affected by globalization, drastically increased the number of shift workers in the past 20 years. The market competition resulted in new ways out to survive – production increase and 24-hour customer service became available due to millions of American citizens, as shift workers. However, potential productivity has a number of pitfalls that can hardly be compared to a good performance at a workplace. Shift workers are prone to poor concentration (68 percent in reading and 62 percent in listening), errors (wrong decision-making – 62%), and poor quality of work done (61%). (2002 Poll, p.15). Thus, potential productivity advantages turn out to be losses, except for physical and mental damages. Billion-dollar investments and costs on research and development are absurd as compared with crashes (Exxon Valdez, Space Shuttle Columbia) aroused by reckless and negligent attitude of shift workers. It should be also noticed that shift workers are employed in emergencies and the safety under acute or chronic sleep deprivation is doubtful. Yet, governmental agencies do not provide data on fatalities (transportation industry) and injuries (emergencies) in work places that were caused by fatigue and sleepiness. Nevertheless, the data only emphasized problems that occur because of shift workers’ sleep deprivation; still, proposals, concerning night shift work improvement, are few. Basing on the qualitative method, I will focus my research on personal experiences and observation, interviewing and analysis. My core goal is to find out the effects of sleep deprivation on night shift workers from a sociological point of view. Managers ignore the interdependence of workers’ sleep and their productivity; otherwise, they would address their sleep schedules’ policies, invest in training and improve productivity. The studied group will be night shift workers from the South region that are usually employed from midnight till 8 a.m. According to 2004 BLS data, night shift workers, who compose 3.2 percent of employed Americans, are involved in food preparation (40.4%), transportation, production (26.2%) and emergencies (50.6%). (BLC, 2005). I think the South suites the research, for it is overabundant of night shift workers. My research will be based on focus groups of 200-300 people (the more people we interview, the more precise data we will get). Previous studies have shown that sleep deprived workers regularly disrupt their sleep-wake cycles. I will make research in the sphere of unstable sleeping patterns and their effects on humans as a part of social world. It was already stated that the number of shift workers’ hours slept averages 5 hours. Therefore, focus groups will be summoned to respond how the lack of sleep affects their: alertness, attention, reaction, concentration, awareness, decision-making and problem-solving skills, memory, and mood. The results of this research will be as follows: if the focus group fails to perform the tasks properly, makes errors and mistakes, shows disorder, sleepiness or drowsiness, the outcome is clear – at a workplace, shift workers will not be able to follow and take tasks, make right decisions, remember properly, work carefully, pay attention to every part of the process and perform work of a high quality. This part of the research will show that neither socially, not occupationally these shift workers will bring success, profit, or significant impact. Sleepy night shift workers are irritable, intractable, unsociable, tired, stressed, isolated, and unfocused – they are anti-social units at a workplace. The second part of the research will be based on interviewing. Here are some health issues to be answered: what is the probability of injury, tiredness, insomnia, disorders in breathing and digestive system (obesity), high blood pressure, road accidents, and emotional problems? Dr. Van Cauter has stressed that â€Å"accumulated sleep debt is potentially as detrimental to health as poor nutrition or a sedentary lifestyle† (NYT, 1999). People will be also interviewed on medicine they take to stay awake or vice versa and its amount. The drug usage has been waved into American society, but the attempts to control the body should not lead to addiction. The history of sleep deprivation remembers a case of DJ, who stayed up for 201 hours. During this period, doctors were observing him and â€Å"soon he couldn’t recall the alphabet and [†¦] he thought spiders were spinning webs on his shoes† (Whalen, 2000). This incident claims to show that sleep disorders lead to mental problems and that we will not cheat on sleep. No one should state that the lost sleep will be caught up – sooner or later, night shift workers will have to pay the price. In this case, nap time is essential for effective work; nap break may reduce injuries and accidents at workplace that are caused by fatigue. nbsp; And, finally, I will research pros and cons of the ‘family’ element. Family, as a tiny part of the society and country as a whole, is, nevertheless, the most essential from a long-term perspective. As long as the family stands, the country will stay alive. Here I will need participant’s observations and notices. I would like to know the time night shift workers spend with their family members, relatives, and, finally, neighbors; whether they are present at family parties, weekends, holidays, along with national ones; whether they are aware of what is going on in the house they live in; what are the family needs, latest news and events. If shift worker can hardly reply to these questions – which part of society he/she belongs to in particular? Sleep deprivation embodies dangers that are aimed at us and others. As was noted by Simon Williams, â€Å"the growing problematization or politics of sleep in a 24/7 risk society where sleep is now becoming a matter of ‘public concern’† (Williams, 2007). Our society should not turn the blind eye towards labor force that provides 24-hour services and production. The United States depend on night shift workers; thus, public and policy makers must be alarmed of extended hours and find the ways to ease the night shifts. Who will replace this generation of night shift workers, if kids look at their exhausted moms and dads after night shifts and see ‘the other side of the Moon’? The media avoids discussions on sleep deprivation, but scholarly articles and researches provide enough data to see the last of shift workers. They divide, rather than unite the society, because they do not share their ideas with colleagues and are passive during breaks – their destroy the social environment; because their immunity, mental and health disorders make them prone to viral infections and risky for public; because their poor performance decreases productivity, quality and quantity, therefore, the potential labor force of night shift workers is a potential damage for the U.S. economy in long-term targeted perspectives, it is an indirect-action environment, which contains unforeseeable consequences.

Moto Car Manufacturers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9500 words

Moto Car Manufacturers - Essay Example Moto a renowned car manufacturing company aims at improving the overall performance by the inclusion of knowledge management systems. This paper aims at developing a knowledge management strategy for the company. The paper will firstly provide an overview of the company, which will permit a thorough understanding of the company, based on which the strategy will be created. This will be followed by an explanation of the research methodology that has been used for this research. The paper will also detail the limitations of the research and how these limitations have been overcome as well. Furthermore, the paper will deal with the findings of the research in terms of the company and the industry that it deals within. A literature review of the main topic of focus, i.e. knowledge management will be discussed further. Based on this and the research that has been conducted a set of recommendations have been drawn out for Moto car manufacturers. Â  The company in focus here is MOTO. MOTO is a China-based major car manufacturer. The headquarters and the production facilities of the company are based out of China. The company also has its assembly plants in China, Australia, America, and Scotland. The company deals with the production of five models of cars. The models that the company deals with the area) small compact vehicle, b) medium-sized saloon, c) large saloon, d) multi-purpose vehicle, and e) large Off Road 4x4/SUV. Â  Moto has been in the industry for over thirty-five years and has been able to create a goodwill and good reputation among the customers. The company is known for the excellent employment conditions that it provides, along with the low staff turnover that the company has in the assembly plants. The company has a number of policies which it follows for the contribution to the local community.

Movie analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Movie analysis - Assignment Example The movie therefore provides an analysis of events in prisons across Russia and other parts of the world. According to Z?iz?ek (2011), one of the most interesting sequence in the movie is when Kyle and 451 gain each other’s trust after a plot to have 451 (Taylor) kill Kyle. The sequence shows different stylistic styles used in the movie. The producer uses different styles of form in this sequence. For instance, the movie uses both bright and dark colors showing Kyle and 451 sitting on their beds in one of the nights. The different colors depicted include the prisoners’ yellow clothes, the dark colored beddings and cell floors. The lightness of the color used causes an illumination of the walls of the cells. However, the value of the color changes from light to dark as the producer portrays different angles of shots taken. This sequence shows both positive and negative space. Positive space refers to light that illuminates Kyle and 451’s cell. This light reflects on the cell’s walls. The positive space also emanates from the guards’ spotlight. These guards are conducting their daily night shifts’ patrols. The use of shallow and deep space is also evident in this sequence. The type of space used varies with the angles of shots. The piece components in this sequence mainly appears in three-dimensional form. This sequence’s setting is in the prison’s cells. The sequence occurs at night when the prisoners are sleeping after taking their supper. Kyle and 451 are sitting on their beds while conversing in low tones confirms that this sequence occurs during the night. There are only two characters in this sequence. There are two beds for each of the inmates with one bed above the other. A small table exits beside the wall on the furthest point of the cell’s entrance. Kyle has a well-coiffured dark hair and dons a white vest. Both men are muscular although 451 has grey hair different from Kyle’s dark h air. Both men seems to gain each other’s trust since they appear relaxed and understands one another very well. The two plan their next course of actions further indicating the mutual understanding between the two inmates. The shots used in this sequence are majorly close-up and medium shots with no use of long shots. The locked steel doors of the cell occur in foreground while the cell’s walls and the table beside the wall form the background. This sequence highlights one of the major characteristics of prisons that is, plot by prison guards to murder some of the inmates. 451(Taylor) is famous for killing inmates and therefore the guards plan to use him to murder Kyle. The guards put Kyle into a solitary confinement after involving in a fight with one of the inmates who provoked him in a similar manner as the wife’s murderer. In order to have Kyle killed; the guards transfer him to a cell inhabited by 451 (Z?iz?ek, 2011). However, this plot for 451 to kill Kyle fails when the two develop an understanding and become friends to the amusement of the guards. The sequence, which leads to 451 and Kyle’s escape, is one of the major sequences with significant artistic styles and features. This sequence occurs during the day when Kyle and Miloc cause a riot with the guards. This sequence involves only Kyle and 451 at the beginning. This sequence occurs in the prison halls in the fighting ring where Kyle and Miloc were to fight. Unlike the first one, this sequence

The Origins and beliefs of Shia and Sunni Islam Essay Example for Free

The Origins and beliefs of Shia and Sunni Islam Essay During the first 30 years after the Prophets death Muslims were governed by four khalifahs who were outstanding men chosen by the community for their closeness to the Prophet and their good characters. They were unselfish, tolerant, and well versed in the Quran, and they had been the Prophets dearest friends. They had learned from him all his ways and attitudes. These first four khalifahs were known as the Rashidun or rightly-guided or orthodox. The word khalifah means successor. Instead of living like princes, they lived very simple lives as the Prophet had done, in close touch with the people. They were renowned for their ragged and torn clothing, and their refusal to take any luxuries for themselves. Khalifahs were the most important people in the Muslim state, but were horrified if anyone started to think of them as kings they were simply servants. Only God was King. The first khalifah was Abu Bakr, who ruled from 632-4 CE. Before he died he elected Umar to be the next khalifah. Ali and his supporters thought this was wrong, but refused to bear a grudge. Umar ruled from 634-44 CE, after being stabbed (by Firuz, a Persian slave) six times in the back whilst he was praying. Uthman was the next khalifah to be elected, after Ali had refused the position. He was a kind and gentle man, but tended to elect many friends and relatives to key positions. When he was 80 many Muslims, particularly the supporters of Ali, thought that he should abdicate, but he refused to do so. Soon afterwards, while Uthman was at prayer, he was killed by a group of angered Egyptians. He had ruled from 644-56 CE. Finally, 24 years after the Prophets death, the khalifate passed to Ali. He ruled from 656-61 CE. He was famous for his extreme piety and faithful transmission of the Prophets sayings. His supporters thought of him as the Conscience of Islam. Alis appointment as khalifah was opposed by Uthmans cousin Muawiya, who was supported by the Prophets surviving wife, Aishah. Muawiya and Aishah demanded avenge for the murder of Uthman, but Ali didnt grant this. There was a battle, the Battle of Siffin, where Muawiya and Ali agreed on peace, but somehow Ali had been tricked and Muawiya was announced as khalifah. A group of Muslims, the Kharijites, were so outraged by the incident decided to end the impurity by killing them both. Some people felt right from the beginning that Ali should have been the Prophets successor. They were not content to see power going into the hands of the old chief family of Makkah which had so recently persecuted them and had always been jealous of the power of the Prophet. They claimed that the Prophet had always trained Ali to take over. Ali deputized for the Prophet in his lifetime and was the father of the Prophets grandsons. They claimed that those who had elected Abu Bakr insisted he was the Prophets choice, and was the senior male Muslim leader. However, the supporters of Ali still felt the khalifate should have stayed in the line of the Prophet and Khadijah, and now that Fatimah and Ali were dead, they insisted the next leader should be Alis son Hasan. Muawiya would not agree, and in the end Hasan came to an understanding that the khalifate would revert to his family only after Muawiyas death. However, when Hasan died (some claim he was poisoned) Muawiya made his own son Yazid the heir. Those who supported the Prophets descendants became known as the Shiat Ali or Party of Ali. They are now called Shiites. They refused to accept the first three khalifahs and claimed Ali was really the first, followed by the Prophets grandsons Hasan and Husayn. Shia Muslims believe that leadership (the position of khalifah) should be exclusive to the family of the Prophet. Sunnah is the Arabic word for custom or authority, and Sunni Muslims regard themselves as the true followers of the Sunnah or Way of the Prophet. They insist that the Prophet had intended elections so that the best man would succeed, and not to start a family line of rulers, like Kings. Sunnis are the major branches of Islam. About 90 percent of Muslims are Sunni. They base their standards of their faith on the Quran plus the Hadiths of the Prophet and the laws based upon them. They believe that leadership should be decided by a democratic election based on a majority vote. The Shiites, on the other hand, are a smaller group around 10 percent of modern Muslims but with a tendency to devotion that borders on fanaticism. The number of Shiite Muslims is increasing as people in many developing countries are reacting against the decadence of the modern world. Shiism is the state religion of Iran, and is rapidly increasing in strength in Pakistan, Iraq, India, the Yemen and the Lebanon. A summary of the principal teachings and aims of the Ayatollah Khomeini Islam to Ayatollah Khomeini is the noble warriors religion. It is of those who seek justice and righteousness, demand independence and liberty, and struggle to prevent the unbeliever as well as the tyrant from exercising power over the Muslim. He believes Islam is not just a code which governs the moral conduct of an individual, but also a set of rules and regulations which provide for every need and all requirements. He considers the introduction of the modern education, the adoption of constitutional parliamentary systems of government, and the promotion of Westernised criminal codes as nothing but deliberate means to undermine Islam, by encouraging the faithful to abandon their religion. Khomeini calls on the Muslims to emulate the example of the Prophet and the first three Imams. He demands their transformation into holy warriors to save Islam from the dangers confronting the religion. He encourages his students, as the new soldiers, to believe that theirs is a total system and to reject the notion that there is a similarity between Islam and Christianity. Khomeini thinks that Muhammad, and Imam Ali, were preachers, rulers, and administrators. He believes in succession, and also in the necessity of appointing a successor to the Prophet. The successor must be a preacher and a jurist, and must ensure the obedience of the community to the Quran. To conclude, Khomeini states that there must be a state based on Muslim legal philosophy. The aspects of Western life religion, in general, and Islam, in particular, should resist or reform. In the modern world one cannot do all the things which are demanded by ancient religions. Islam is a prime example of this. How can a law laid down fourteen centuries ago in the Middle East meet all the complex demands and pressures of modern technological civilization? Muslims dont think of it like this, no Muslim can accept the idea of a society without God. Muslims must submit to God, and that means they must not choose which of the revealed laws they will or will not keep. How can they judge which laws are more important than others? Only God knows the full reasoning behind them. The Muslim rules of behavior are split up into five categories. Firstly fard, or wajib, which are things which must be done. Secondly mandub, or mustahab, which are recommended actions. Thirdly mubah, which are actions to be decided by conscience. Next is makruh, which are disapproved actions. Finally haram, which are things never to be done. Most of modern life falls in the mubah section. Whatever is not actually forbidden is permitted, under the guidance of your conscience. If an action is harmful to yourself or anyone else, it cannot be recommended by a Muslim. If qiyas (principles worked out by analogy) and ijtihad (exercise of individuals opinion) are used properly, it remains always possible to offer fresh thinking on past decisions. Also it is possible to keep pace with the ever-changing world. Modernist Muslims feel that this is vital, and that the reason for the past stagnation of Islam was the over-emphasizing of and clinging to the decisions of the madhab imams of the five classical schools, and the neglecting of todays great scholars and thinkers. Other reformers are known as fundamentalists because they seek to keep nothing but the original teachings and reject all modern interpretations as innovations (bida). There are many Muslim laws which need to be resisted or reformed. Some of these are based on a Muslims manners, for there is a great emphasis on showing consideration to others. The laws say that Muslims must pay close attention to cleanliness. They are expected not to be even the slightest bit dirty at any times. Before and after sexual intercourse they are expected to wash. With the amount of washing it is said is needed, it would be very hard to do anything but wash in the modern day, with pollution. This therefore needs to be changed. There laws about table manners are fine, and most are the same as used all over the world. The way in which Muslim women dress is in a very modest way, thus many traditional costumes are not acceptable for they are to revealing. It is in fact a good idea for it stops Muslim women from flirting with, or attracting, men. This stops the chances of adultery. Passions, if not under control, can cause endless hurt and disturbance. Muslim men are expected to be modest too, and always to be clean and smart. Muslims have many food laws. In these there are listed some unlawful foods which are forbidden, these are called haram. These are any products made from a pig. Meat containing blood. Meat from an animal which dies of itself due to disease or other natural causes. Any flesh-eating animal. Any animal which has been strangled, beaten to death, killed by a fall, gored by another animal, or partially eaten by another animal. Or finally any animal sacrificed to idols. These laws greatly affect the Muslims ability to mix socially with non-Muslim neighbours, since nearly all meat in the West has been killed by electrocution or firing a bolt into an animals brain, and is therefore forbidden to Muslims. They should not buy meat from a market unless it is known to be halal (this is the Muslim word for meat which they can lawfully eat). Many Muslim children do not eat school dinners because of their food restrictions. Another of the Muslims problems is schooling. There are four main areas which these problems fall into. Immodest dress, especially in PE lessons; not separating boys and girls after the age of ten; sexual instruction in the classroom; and religious instruction that is either Christian or Jewish (i.e. Bible based) or Islam presented in an incorrect manner. There are several things which Muslims consider to be wrong with these. It is because of the lack of schools which provide the rules and facilities needed for Muslims, that many Muslim schools have been started. One of the major difficulties for a Muslim is there ability to find time to pray. Some employers are not sympathetic if workers want to break off for a few moments to pray. Often there is no private place for them to go, or facilities to wash with first. This makes life very hard for Muslims, and I therefore believe the laws about praying should be slightly more lenient. Overall one can see that Muslims confront many clashes between their laws and the way of the western civilization. For them to get on more easily in the modern world they must reform or resist some of their strict laws and traditions.

Courage in To Kill A Mockingbird :: To Kill a Mockingbird Essays

Courage ?Courage is what it takes to stand up and speak, Courage is also what it takes to sit down and listen? Courage is the thing which can be found in a child to an old man. It needs a lot of courage to take out courage from the heart. It is like a brain. It depends on the person, how and when he uses it. This tiny word has the power to convey the whole gesture of a person. According to Harper Lee?s genius ?To Kill a Mockingbird?, Courage is when you know you are licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through it through no matter what. This novel tends us to picture Atticus as a very courageous man. His definition for this term doesn?t mean bravery or a man with a gun in his hand. He defines courage as ?When you know you are licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what?. Atticus?s courage is represented very significantly and differently in this book. He undertook the case of a Negro who was wrongly accused of raping a white girl. He went against the whole racist community of the town. The opposition of the racist people failed to make him step back from the case. He just fought the case courageously. But the white jury couldn?t possibly be expected to take a black person?s work against the whites. Similarly, a great example of courage is displayed within the life of Mrs. Dubose. She was a sick old woman, waiting for death. However, she had one more goal to achieve before her life come to an end. She wished to free herself of a morphine addiction. Mrs. Dubose displayed courage in a situation where most people would surrender to the drug. She did not fear for death. Moreover, she challenged death through her perseverance to leave this world free of addiction. People around her came to know of her courage after she passed away. Similarly, the largest example of courage is found in younger characters like Scout and Jem. Courage in To Kill A Mockingbird :: To Kill a Mockingbird Essays Courage ?Courage is what it takes to stand up and speak, Courage is also what it takes to sit down and listen? Courage is the thing which can be found in a child to an old man. It needs a lot of courage to take out courage from the heart. It is like a brain. It depends on the person, how and when he uses it. This tiny word has the power to convey the whole gesture of a person. According to Harper Lee?s genius ?To Kill a Mockingbird?, Courage is when you know you are licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through it through no matter what. This novel tends us to picture Atticus as a very courageous man. His definition for this term doesn?t mean bravery or a man with a gun in his hand. He defines courage as ?When you know you are licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what?. Atticus?s courage is represented very significantly and differently in this book. He undertook the case of a Negro who was wrongly accused of raping a white girl. He went against the whole racist community of the town. The opposition of the racist people failed to make him step back from the case. He just fought the case courageously. But the white jury couldn?t possibly be expected to take a black person?s work against the whites. Similarly, a great example of courage is displayed within the life of Mrs. Dubose. She was a sick old woman, waiting for death. However, she had one more goal to achieve before her life come to an end. She wished to free herself of a morphine addiction. Mrs. Dubose displayed courage in a situation where most people would surrender to the drug. She did not fear for death. Moreover, she challenged death through her perseverance to leave this world free of addiction. People around her came to know of her courage after she passed away. Similarly, the largest example of courage is found in younger characters like Scout and Jem.

Holistic Nursing

Holistic assessments in nursing provide a unique quality of care to the individual patient. Holism in the provision of care includes assessments obtaining data about the physiological, psychological, sociological, spiritual, developmental, cultural and environmental aspects. It is imperative that the nurse conducting these assessments adopts methods in the nursing process that reflects the standards outlined in Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council National Competency Standards for the Registered Nurse to ensure the health and wellbeing of the patient is maximized and maintained throughout the time health care is received.Nursing processes are directed at restoring overall harmony for the patient therefore an understanding of the individual as a whole person must be assessed. During the nursing process, the nurse will perform the assessment, diagnose, plan, implement and evaluate the patient in an ongoing process. This essay will outline the importance of a holistic approach in nu rsing assessment and the importance assessment in the nursing process. ultural, spiritual and psychological aspects of the holistic assessment and the relevance of these components in the provision of care will be discussed and how AMNC standards apply to care in nursing. A holistic approach in nursing assessment establishes the patients’ physiological, psychological, sociological, spiritual, developmental, cultural and environmental aspects in their life. Obtaining data holistically is vital in assisting a patients’ ability to manage their symptoms and emotional status maximizing quality of life during the stages of illness or health changes (Margereson & Trenoweth 2009: 104).The aim of the holistic approach in nursing assessment is to establish the type of support and care required for the individual, developing a quality of care that assists their wellbeing as a whole person (Margereson & Trenoweth 2009: 104). When assessing the patient it is important that the nurs e â€Å"collects data that relates to physiological, psychological, spiritual, socio-economic and cultural variables on an ongoing basis† as outlined in ANMC competency 5. 1 (ANMC 2006, p. ). The ANMC competency is supported by, Margereson & Trenoweth (2009:104), who describes the assessment process as ongoing and is determined by the changing needs of the patient, their family and their carer’s. Margereson & Trenoweth (2009: 104) further describes that the holistic approach supports the patient to build psychological resilience and wellbeing, to maintain independence as well as developing care and support networks that is best suited to the individual.The holistic approach in nursing assessment provides the patient assistance in decision making, achieving goals, addressing needs and desires and can build on strengths (Margereson & Trenoweth 2009: 104). Therefore, it is crucial to obtain data holistically in assessment to support and maximise the patients’ healt h and wellbeing. Assessment in the nursing process is an important aspect, as the information gathered enables a comprehensive response to the patients’ health status.It is important for the nurse to adopt an approach following the guidelines outlined in the ANMC, Domain 5, â€Å"Provision and coordination of care† (ANMC 2006, p. 8) to ensure preferences are met an accuracy is maintained when carrying out assessment. The nursing process is a cyclic method that involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing and evaluating (Kozier & Erb 2012: 213). Kozier & Erb (2012: p. 212-213) describes the nursing process as an overlapping lapping sequence that focuses on establishing the patients social, cultural, emotional, spiritual as well as physical needs.Assessment will establish this data as well as a patients’ health history, concerns, health status and their ability to manage their own health care needs (Kozier & Erb: 213). Kozier & Erb (2012: 212) also maint ain that data collected in the assessment phase enables the patients’ lifestyle and routines to be incorporated into the care plan. Assessment is about collecting as much information as possible enabling problem solving throughout the nursing process.Assessment in the nursing process will establish the patients' ongoing needs and provide a quality of care best suited to the individual, to achieve a desirable health outcome. Cultural aspects of holistic assessment is relevant in the provision of nursing care as it provides the care team with an overview of cultural needs of the patient as well as providing information in which the patients’ health problems have arisen. Culture is defined as values, beliefs, artifacts, behaviors, attitudes and customs influencing and regulating interactions between members of a social group (Stein-Parbury 2010: 91; Johnstone 2006: 67).It is the nurses responsibility to adhere to the ANMC, competency 2. 3, ‘accepts individuals/group s to whom care is provided regardless of race, culture, religion, age, gender, sexual preference, physical or mental state’ (ANMC 2006, p. 4). Kozier & Erb (2012: 360) discuss that cultural sensitivity, appropriateness, competency and safety are all factors that are required to be taken into consideration so that the patient can be provided with the best possible health care.Kozier & Erb (2012: 360) also explain that conflicts in health care have been apparent due to cultural misunderstandings. An example of a cultural misunderstanding is the level of pain. In some cultures, it is normal to dramatically express ones level of pain whereas in other cultures people do not complain when in pain (Stein-Parbury 2010: 94). Culture is also an important aspect as it can explain nutrition, environmental and home status and level of education ( Kozier & Erb: 360) which all relate to the provision of care to be given.The holistic assessment of a patients cultural aspects enable the best suitable approach in the provision of care, upholding the patients’ rights, addressing their needs and minimizing misunderstandings. Spiritual needs are often emphasized in times of ill health or other health related crisis therefore it is imperative that spirituality of the patient is understood in order to maximize provision of care. Kozier & Erb (2012: 1154) define spirituality as a way in which a person lives their life, bound in beliefs and values and how their own meaning or perception is viewed.A holistic assessment will determine the spiritual needs of the patient to enable the nurse to respond appropriately to the patient whilst adhering to ANMC, competency 9. 5, ‘Facilitates a physical, psychosocial, cultural and spiritual environment that promotes individual/group safety and security’ (ANMC 2006, p. 12). Narayanasamy (2009:886-890), describes spirituality as a fundamental aspect in holistic assessment as it can promote the patients mind, body and spiri t as well as determining there state of mind in relation to spiritual distress such as loss of hope.Spirituality is an important part of the healing process as it can provide comfort, reduce suffering and assist in the physical and mental healing of the patient (Kozier & Erb 2012: 1154). Kozier & Erb (2012: 1155) state that the nurse who attends to their own spiritual needs is able to assist others and have a better understanding of the patients spiritual needs. Therefore, the provision of care will be heightened and the spiritual needs of the patient can be addressed in a holistic assessment.Psychological aspects of mind-body interactions are of great importance in the holistic assessment process in order to provide provision of care. The nurse is obligated to follow ANMC, competency 5. 1 ‘Uses a relevant evidence-based assessment framework to collect data and the physical socio-cultural and mental health of the individual/group’ (ANMC 2006, p. 8). Kozier & Erb (2012:3 45), explain that mind-body interactions can have a good or ill effect on the body for example, stress can lead to an altered body function such as an increased urinary frequency.Assessment of psychological status is imperative to establish the correct provision of care to be provided. Kozier & Erb (2012: 345) maintain that the minds ability to influence health status is receiving more attention and treatments such as relaxation techniques are being more commonly used to combat symptoms of stress. Illnesses have the ability to create emotional responses as well such as fear and depression, therefore the nurse must take into consideration these variables when conducting an holistic assessment to provide quality care to the patient.Holism in the provision of care is imperative to maintain in the nursing process. Holistic assessments carried out are unique and individual for each patient. This can be obtained in the nursing process by gathering data holistically by assessing the physio logical, psychological, sociological, spiritual, developmental, cultural and environmental aspects of the patient. A better understanding of the patients’ needs and requirements for care can be developed to provide health restoration in the best possible manner suited to the individual.The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council National Competency Standards for the Registered Nurse outlines the requirements for nurses to follow to ensure health care is delivered at the highest standard. References Australian Nursing & Midwifery Council 2006, National Competency Standards For The Registered Nurse, 4th edn, viewed 2 September 2012, . Berman, A et al. , 2012, Kozier and Erb’s fundamentals of nursing, Australian adaptation, 2nd edn, Pearson, Sydney.Ellis, HK & Narayanasamy, A 2009, ‘An Investigation into the Role of Spirituality in Nursing', British Journal of Nursing, Vol. 18, No. 14, pp. 886-890. Johnstone, M 2006, Bioethics: a nursing perspective, Elsevier Austr alia, Marrickville, NSW. Margereson, C & Trenoweth, S 2009, Developing Holistic Care for Long-term Conditions, Routledge, New York. Stein-Parbury, J 2009, Patient and Person: Interpersonal Skills in Nursing, 4th edn, Elsevier, Marrickville.

gender roles in marie claire Essay - 1829 Words

One of the most prevalent forms of invisible social control is the creation and perpetuation of stereotypes. Today’s society is filled with stereotypes and the media has proven to be an excellent breeding ground. Research in the stereotype domain indicates that the media can prime stereotypes, and these primed stereotypes do influence how people are later perceived. Also the research on media priming of stereotypes generally increases confidence in the generality of the media as a prime. Television, movies, newspapers and magazines contain millions of images that feature individuals portrayed in stereotypical ways. This paper will examine the February issue of Marie Claire and the gender and racial stereotypes that are evident within the†¦show more content†¦Not all articles are written for women however, some specifically instruct the reader to show the article to their boyfriend so he will know what he is and isn’t doing correct in the relationship. Men may t hen be perceived as being incapable of understanding women’s needs and wants. Certain articles help support women in standing up against the pressures of men and society; others encourage women to use top-of-the-line cosmetics in order to prevent wrinkles and signs of aging. Unfortunately, many women get caught up by the pressures of being a woman and are led to believe that one must be extremely skinny and gorgeous to be successful. Certain articles, such as â€Å"Beauty Editors’ Favorite Bargains† make purchasing beauty products essential by providing less expensive options. This specific article lists the products and descriptions as well as price and makes it seem as if every woman should own each of the products, as if it is part of their role, especially Almay Kinetin Skincare Advanced Anti-Aging Series Firming and Brightening Eye Cream, for approximately $16. 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